175 TIPS TO SAVE ENERGY
http://www.solcomhouse.com/175tips.htm
Credit:
United States Navy -- Department of the Navy's Energy Program
LIGHTING
- Use one large light bulb instead of several small ones
in areas where bright light is needed. In general, the efficiency of
incandescent light bulbs, as well as most light sources, increases as
wattage increases. Thus, one 100-watt incandescent bulb provides
approximately the same amount of light as two 60-watt bulbs or four
40-watt bulbs, but consumes less electricity.
- Use compact fluorescent lights instead of incandescent
bulbs whenever you can. Compact fluorescents are 3-4 times more
efficient than incandescent and last 10 times as long.
- Long-life incandescent light bulbs (which last from
1,500 to 3,500 hours) are less efficient than regular life incandescent
because the filament is operated at a lower temperature to extend its
life. Energy-conscious consumers should use long-life bulbs only where
replacement is difficult, or should consider replacing or converting
incandescent lights to fluorescent lights which have a life of over 10,000
hours.
- Replace light switches with motion or occupancy
sensors. Good locations include the garage and exterior or security
lighting areas.
- Consider installing solid state dimmer switches and
dimming the lights when less light is needed. Dimming reduces energy
consumption. But don't use them with most compact fluorescents,
which are not compatible.
- Select your lamp shades with energy efficiency in mind
because they can make a big difference. A lamp with a light-colored
shade, especially one that's lined in white or highly transparent, will
give the best light. Tall, narrow shades or short, dark-colored
shades let through less light, which may force you to turn on another
light for sufficient illumination.
- When you decorate, think light colors. Dark colors
absorb light, encouraging you to use more (or higher wattage) lights to
light the room.
- If you go away on vacation and leave your lights on for
security reasons, use timers and set them to turn the lights off during
the day. They'll give your house a more lived-in appearance, and
you'll save energy.
- Get into the habit of turning off lights when you leave
a room.
- When you use night lights, select energy-conserving
4-watt bulbs. Or better yet, purchase the new green or blue-green
light night lights with back light technology. These night lights
consume a mere 0.03 watts and cost only a few pennies a year to operate.
- If you must use incandescent bulbs, purchase
energy-saving types, sold under various names such as "Watt
Miser," "Supersaver," and Econo-Watt" bulbs.
They use 5-13 percent less energy than standard bulbs.
- Use task lighting when you need lighting in one small
area and then reduce background or ambient light levels.
- Use natural daylighting when possible and reduce or
eliminate artificial lighting. Daylighting has been proven to have
many benefits.
- Use solar walkway and patio lights for outdoor accent
lights. These are widely available and easy to install. You
can install them yourself in a few minutes, since they don't require any
wiring.
- Select cold-start compact fluorescent, high-pressure
sodium, or metal halide lights for outdoor lighting. If you leave
lights on all night, use light-sensor controls that automatically turn the
lights on at dusk and off at dawn.
HEATING
- Clean or
replace filters regularly on furnaces and heat pumps; keep the outside
units free from leaves or debris that may clog vents.
- Program a
clock thermostat for automatic energy savings.
- Seal
heating and cooling ducts in unconditioned spaces.
- Close your
blinds and drapes at night in the winter to keep the cold out.
- When
having an old furnace or boiler replaced, insist on having a heat loss
analysis of your house performed to size the heating system
properly. Don't have the same size as the old unit installed; units
used to be considerably oversized. The size of a new heating system should
not exceed the peak heating demand by more than 25 percent.
- When
purchasing a new gas or oil heating system, specify sealed combustion.
Sealed combustion units bring in outside air to feed the combustion
process, and exhaust flue gases directly to the outside without the need
for a draft hood or damper. They generally burn more efficiently,
and they do not pose the risk of backdrafting -- the flow of dangerous
combustion gases into the house.
- Bleed the
air from hot water radiators once or twice each heating system. Trapped
air keeps systems from performing properly.
- If your
oil heating system is pre-1975 but is in good shape, consider a flame
retention head burner retrofit. A flame retention head burner burns
fuel in a cleaner and more controlled manner, increasing efficiency and
reducing pollution. It often pays for itself in one to two years
through lower heating costs.
- In the
winter remove and store window air conditioners, or cover them to reduce
cold air from entering the house through the air conditioner.
- If you
heat your house with a heat pump and have a conventional thermostat, do
not set back the temperature setting when the house is unoccupied during
the day or when the occupants are asleep at night. Setting back a
conventional thermostat can cause the heat pump to operate inefficiently,
canceling any savings achieved by lowering the temperature setting. Do
set back the thermostat if you have a setback heat pump thermostat.
This problem does not arise when the heat pump operates in the cooling
mode. Turning up the setting of both conventional and setback
thermostats in the summer will save you energy and money.
- If you
have a hot water or steam heating system, put a reflector behind your
radiator to reflect heat into the room that would normally be lost through
the wall.
- If you
have reversible ceiling fans, set them in the winter to circulate the
heated air collecting at the ceiling down towards the floor.
- If you
plan to buy a new furnace, select an energy-efficient unit. Your
contractor has energy fact sheets for each model; ask for them and compare
energy usage.
- Keep your
heating system well tuned with periodic maintenance by a professional
service person. Oil-fired systems should be tuned up and cleaned
every year, gas-fired every two years, and heat pumps every two to three
years. Ask the service person how the energy efficiency of the
system could be increased.
- If you
plan a new gas heating system, ask your gas utility or public services
commission about the savings potential of electronic ignition. Ask
also about possibilities for retrofitting the system you may already own.
- Consider
buying a properly sized gas furnace that incorporates an automatic stack
damper (if permitted by your local jurisdiction code) or an induced draft
fan, or choosing an oil furnace with a flame retention burner. These
devices reduce the loss of heat when the furnace is off. (Contact
your gas utility or oil supplier for guidance.)
- Keep your
fireplace damper closed unless you have a fire going. An open damper
in a 48-inch square fireplace can allow a heat loss of up to 8 percent
through the chimney.
- When your
heating system is on, keep windows near your thermostat tightly
closed. Unnecessary drafts will keep your furnace working after the
rest of the room has reached a comfortable temperature.
- Have your
oil furnace serviced at least once a year, preferably each summer to take
advantage of off-season rates. This simple precaution could save you
up to 10 percent in fuel consumption.
- If you
have oil heat, have your service person check to see if the firing rate is
correct. One survey found that many of the furnaces checked were
over-fired.
- Keep warm
air registers clean and free of obstructions, such as furniture, carpets,
and drapes.
- When
purchasing an air source heat pump, select a unit with a Heating Seasonal
Performance Factor above 8.0.
- Ask a
heating professional if the efficiency of your heating system can be
improved by reducing the system size; reducing draft (oil only); or
installing a modulating aquastat (hot-water boilers only), a new oil
burner, a pilotless ignition (gas only), an automatic flue damper, a flue
economizer, or adjustable radiator vents and valves. Some of these
measures are not recommended or may not be suitable for your system.
Be sure these measures are performed only by a heating professional.
COOLING
- Don't set
your thermostat at a colder setting than normal when you turn on your air
conditioner. It will NOT cool faster. It WILL cool to a lower
temperature than you need and use more energy.
- To operate
your air conditioner unit more efficiently, turn on your ceiling
fans. These fans create air movement across the skin, lowering skin
temperature through evaporation. The homeowner can thus raise the
A/C thermostat setting up to 4 degrees F without any decrease in
comfort. Each degree you raise the thermostat above 78 degrees F you
save about 7-8 percent on your electric cooling costs.
- Use
landscaping, awnings, and overhangs to shade the outside of your house in
summer. A shaded house costs less to cool than one in direct
sunlight.
- When
possible, use fans to keep cool instead of an air conditioner. Fans
consume only a small fraction of the energy of an air conditioner.
- If you
plan to leave for a few minutes or more, turn the fan off. Letting
it run wastes energy and does nothing to cool the room--in fact, the heat
from the motor actually warms the room a little.
- Clean the
outside condenser coils of your heat pump or central air conditioner.
- If you
live in a warm or hot climate, consider adding a radiant barrier to your
attic. A radiant barrier is a shiny surfaced material, such as an
aluminum-coated plastic sheeting, installed in the attic such that the
shiny surface faces an air space (the attic space or air space between the
barrier and the roof sheathing). Radiant barriers reduce summer heat
gain by reflecting much of the heat radiated from the roof back to the
roof.
- When it's
time to shop for a new air conditioner, select a unit with a high Seasonal
Energy Efficiency Ratio (central air units) or energy efficiency Ratio
(window units). For humid climates, select a unit that also does a
good job of dehumidifying. And don't buy a unit larger than you
need.
- Set the
fan speed of your central air conditioner on high except in very humid
weather. When it's humid, set the speed on low; you will get less
cooling but more moisture will be removed from the air which will make it
feel cooler.
- Do not
position heat-producing appliances, such as televisions or lamps, near the
thermostat that controls your air conditioner. The heat they produce
"fools" the thermostat and causes the air conditioner to run
longer than necessary.
- Take
advantage of natural ventilation during the times of the year when this is
feasible to reduce air conditioning usage. By opening and closing windows,
different parts of a building can be ventilated.
- If your
ceiling fans are reversible, be sure to adjust the setting at the onset of
the cooling season so that the blades turn to create a downdraft.
- When
purchasing ceiling fans, remember that a 36- or 42-inch fan works best for
rooms 12 feet by 12 feet or smaller. A 48- or 52-inch fan works best
for rooms up to 12 feet by 18 feet. Two medium-sized fans work best
in a room longer than 18 feet.
- Consider
using a whole-house fan as part of your cooling strategy. A
whole-house fan is installed horizontally in the ceiling below the
attic. Whole-house fans consume considerably less energy than air
conditioners.
- Under
appropriate weather conditions in the cooling season, use window fans
mounted in windows to exhaust hot air that accumulates indoors during the
day and, reversed at night, to pull in cooler outdoor air.
- Clean or
replace filters regularly on air conditioners; keep outside units free
from leaves or debris that may clog vents.
- Close
doors and vents of unused rooms to avoid cooling these areas.
- Turn off
unnecessary lights and use energy-efficient lights, especially when you
have the air conditioner running, because lights generate a significant
amount of heat.
- Set the
thermostat for your central air conditioning system at the highest
comfortable setting (78-80 degrees F is recommended). If you
normally set it at 72 degrees F, raising it to 78 degrees F should save
between 12 and 47 percent in cooling costs, depending on the climate where
you live.
- Plant
trees or shrubs or use other shading devices to shade the air-conditioning
unit from direct sunlight. You can increase efficiency by up to 10
percent. But do not block air flow.
- Turn off
your window air conditioners when you leave a room for several hours.
- Keep your
cooling system well tuned with periodic maintenance by a professional
service person. Ask the service person how the energy efficiency of
the system could be increased.
- In the
cooling season, draw draperies, blinds, and shades indoors to keep out
direct sunlight.
- Consider
turning off the furnace pilot light in the summer, but be sure it's
reignited before you turn the furnace back on.
RECYCLING TO CONSERVE
ENERGY AND
NATURAL RESOURCES
- If you
change your own motor oil, recycle the old oil. One gallon of used
motor oil when recycled yields the same amount of refined lubricating
oil--2.5 quarts--as 42 gallons of crude oil.
- Don't
dispose of your dead car battery. Recycle it. The typical car
battery contains 18-20 pounds of lead-acid, a toxic substance that can
cause serious adverse health effects if not disposed of properly.
Contact your local government for recycling sites.
- Organize a
recycling program in your office or community if one isn't already in
place.
- Buy
recycled products.
- Use a mug
for coffee at work and home rather than a disposable cup.
- Purchase
long-lasting, durable items rather than disposable ones.
- Use
rechargeable batteries instead of disposable batteries.
- Start a compost
pile.
- Buy the
economy size of products when feasible. You will probably save
money, and it will reduce the number of containers being thrown away.
- Buy
products that have the smallest amount of packaging materials.
- Request
that your name not be sold to mailing list companies. The average
American receives an amount of junk mail each year that is equivalent to
1.5 trees.
- Recycle
your old newspapers. If everyone in the United States recycled
one-tenth of their newspapers, we would save about 25 million trees every
year.
- Recycle
your old glass bottles. The energy saved from recycling one glass
bottle will light a 100-watt bulb for four hours.
- Choose
returnable bottles instead of throwaway bottles when you have the
option. Disposable (throwaway) bottles consume three times as much
energy as reusable, returnable bottles.
- Recycle
your old tin cans when you can. Recycling and reusing the material
in tin cans reduces related energy use by 74 percent; air pollution by 85
percent; solid waste by 95 percent; and water pollution by 76 percent.
- Recycle
your old aluminum cans when you can. When you toss out one aluminum
can you waste as much energy as if you'd filled the same can half full of
gasoline and poured it onto the ground.
- Recycle
your old plastic soda bottles, milk bottles, detergent bottles, and
whatever other plastic your community accepts for recycling. These
can be used to produce a variety of items, including other detergent
bottles, plastic lumber, fiberfill sleeping bag insulation, and
clothing. Twenty-six recycled plastic soda bottles can make one
polyester suit.
- Use a
mulching mower to mow your lawn. You'll do your lawn good by putting
the lawn cuttings back into the soil and you'll eliminate the need to
dispose of these cuttings. The cuttings will serve as a mulch, retaining
moisture in the soil, and are a natural fertilizer.
TRANSPORTATION
- Use public
transportation whenever possible. One person commuting to work by
mass transit instead of driving can save 200 gallons of gasoline in a
year.
- Share your
ride. Join a carpool or a vanpool. About one-third of all
private automobile mileage is for commuting to work. If occupancy
increased by just one person per car, more than 40 million gallons of
gasoline would be saved each day.
- Don't
speed. For every mile-per-hour over 55 mph, the average car or truck
loses almost two percent in gas mileage.
- When
driving on the highway, use your cruise control to maintain a steady
speed.
- Keep your
car or truck well tuned. A well-tuned car uses up to 9 percent less
fuel than a poorly tuned car and releases less pollution.
- Keep the
tires of your car or truck properly inflated. Under-inflation
shortens the life of a tire and decreases gas mileage. For every
pound per square inch (psi) below the proper level, there is an average
increase in fuel consumption of 0.4 percent.
- Remove
unnecessary heavy items from your car. Every extra 100 pounds costs
you about half-a-mile-per-gallon.
- Reduce
drag when possible when you drive. Drag increases fuel
consumption. If you drive with the windows open more drag is
created. Roof-mounted racks can increase drag by more than 40
percent if you stack luggage, bicycles, or skis on the roof and back of
the car.
- Ride a
bike or walk to work, the local neighborhood store, or nearby
friends. Total vehicle emissions is reduced to zero.
- Use energy
conserving oils the next time you change your car's oil. Labeled
with "EC" lettering on the container, these oils can improve
your gas mileage by one to two percent.
- If your
car is equipped with overdrive, be sure to use the overdrive gear when
your speed dictates. Your owner's manual will give you further
information.
- Don't
start your car until you're ready to move, and avoid long idles.
Idling engines waste gas. Limit car warm-ups in winter.
- Drive
smoothly. Accelerating slowly from a full stop can save you as much as two
miles per gallon.
- Drive a
friend or neighbor to work. If every commuter car carried just one
more passenger, we'd save 600,000 gallons of gasoline and keep 12 million
pounds of greenhouse gases out of the atmosphere every day.
APPLIANCES
- If you
need to purchase a gas oven or range, look for one with an automatic
(electronic) ignition system instead of pilot lights. You'll save an
average of up to a third of your gas use -- 41 percent in the oven and 53
percent on the top burners.
- If you
have a stove with pilot light, make sure the pilot light is burning
efficiently--with a blue flame. A yellowish flame indicates an
adjustment is needed.
- Keep
range-top burners and reflectors clean. They will reflect the heat
better, and you will save energy.
- Use a
kettle or cover the pan when boiling water; water will come to a boil
faster and use less energy than if brought to a boil in an uncovered pan.
- Regularly
defrost manual-defrost refrigerators and freezers. Frost buildup
increases the amount of energy needed to operate the appliance. Never
allow frost to build up more than one-quarter of an inch.
- When
cooking on the stove top, match the size of the pan to the heating
element. More heat will get to the pan; less will be lost to the
surrounding air.
- When
operating a clothes dryer, keep the lint screen clean. Remove lint
after each load. Lint impedes the flow of air in the dryer, which
makes your clothes take longer to dry and requires the machine to use more
energy.
- If your
clothes dryer has an automatic dry cycle, use it. Overdrying merely
wastes energy.
- Try to use
energy-intensive appliances such as dishwashers, clothes washers and dryers,
and electric ovens in the early morning or late evening hours to help
reduce peakload energy use.
- Don't keep
your refrigerator or freezer too cold. Recommended
temperatures: 38 to 40 degrees F for fresh food compartment of the
refrigerator; 5 degrees F for the freezer section. (If you have a
separate freezer for long-term storage, it should be kept at 0 degrees F,
however.)
- If an
existing motor fails and the repair cost is more than 60 percent of the
price of a new energy-efficient motor, buy the new motor instead.
- When you
run your dishwasher, only wash full loads. The dishwasher will use
around 17 gallons of hot water each time, whether you wash one dish or a
full load of dishes.
- When you
run your dishwasher, use the energy-saver setting, which eliminates the
dry cycle, saving you energy and money.
- Don't keep
your ancient refrigerator plugged in down in the basement or garage to
cool your six pack of beer or soda. Old models consume considerably
more energy than new models; you may be paying dearly just to keep a few
drinks cold.
- Check the
condenser coils on your refrigerator at least twice a year, and keep them
clean. Refrigerators, refrigerator/freezers, and freezers with dirty
condenser coils (found on the back or bottom of the appliance) consume
more energy.
- Check the
door seals of your refrigerator, refrigerator/freezer, and freezer.
If the seal is cracked, or cold air is escaping, the seal (or perhaps the
appliance, if it is very old) should be replaced.
- Before you
store leftovers in the refrigerator or freezer, let them cool down.
That way, your appliance doesn't have to work as hard.
- To be sure
your refrigerator operates most efficiently, keep it full, but not
overloaded. (Overloading will prevent cold air from circulating
properly.)
- When
washing clothes, wash in cold water whenever possible. Save warm/hot
water cycles for whites and hard-to-clean items. Always rinse in
cold water.
- Don't
pre-heat your oven, unless the foods, such as breads and cakes, require
it. For most foods, pre-heating isn't necessary and represents a
waste of energy and money.
- Thaw your
foods completely before cooking. That way, your stove or oven won't
have to work as hard.
- Use the
sun's energy to dry your clothes when weather permits. The energy's
free, and your clothes smell fresher.
- Turn
computers and computer monitors off during the day when they aren't being
used for extended periods of time.
- When you
buy a computer monitor, buy only as large a monitor as you need.
Power consumption increases proportionately with the size of the
monitor. For example, a 17-inch color monitor consumes approximately
35 percent more energy than a 14-inch color monitor.
- When
purchasing a computer monitor, if you don't need color consider a
monochrome monitor. A monochrome cathode ray tube (CRT) display
consumes only 50 to 65 percent as much energy as a color CRT display.
- If you
cook with electricity, get in the habit of turning off the burners several
minutes before the allotted cooking time is over. The heating
element will stay hot long enough to finish the cooking and you will save
electricity. The same principle applies to oven cooking.
- When
cooking in your oven, watch the clock or use a timer; don't continually
open the oven door to check food. Every time you open the door, heat
escapes and your cooking uses more energy.
- Use small
electric pans or ovens for cooking small meals rather than the kitchen
range or oven. They use less energy.
- Use
pressure cookers and microwave ovens to do your cooking if you have
them. They can save energy by reducing cooking time.
- Don't use
too much detergent when doing the laundry; follow the instructions on the
box or bottle. Oversudsing makes your machine work harder and use
more energy.
- According
to various studies, electric blankets consume an average of 150 kWh per
year. If you use one regularly and frequently forget to turn it off,
plug it into a simple timer to be sure it is turned off when not in use.
- If you
have an older model color television with instant-on features, your TV set
is drawing electricity even when it is not on. Consider installing a
switch on the cord to turn off when not in use, or unplug when not in use
for any length of time. Newer solid-state TVs do not have this problem.
- If you
have a waterbed that is electrically heated, take measures to reduce this
energy consumption. Regularly making the bed with a comforter can
save more than 30 percent, and insulating the sides of the bed can save
over 10 percent.
- Before
drying clothes, sort them by fabric types. Lightweight synthetics,
which dry quickly, should not be dried with bath towels and natural fiber
clothes, which take longer to dry.
- When
drying clothes, don't add wet items to a load of partially dry clothes.
- Dry loads
of clothes consecutively in the dryer to take advantage of the heat still
in the dryer from the previous load.
- If you
have a clothes dryer, make sure you have a dryer vent hood outside that
seals tightly when the dryer blower is not operating. Although they
may cost $15 to $20 more than standard flapper vents, they are more
effective and well worth the extra money.
- Reduce
ironing time by buying clothes that are "no iron" or permanent
press.
- Reduce
ironing time by taking clothes out of the dryer slightly damp and hanging
them up; this may eliminate the need for ironing. Set the dryer to
buzz when the clothes are slightly damp, if your dryer has this feature.
- Remove
permanent press clothes immediately after the clothes dryer has
stopped. Otherwise, you may find that the clothes are wrinkled and
decide to iron them. Use the cool-down cycle if your dryer has this
feature.
- When
purchasing a washing machine, consider a horizontal-axis washer.
These washing machines use as little as one-third the water that a common
vertical-axis washer uses, thereby reducing energy consumption by nearly
two-thirds.
- When
cooking in pans, consider copper-bottom pans, which heat up quicker than
regular pans.
- Use a
crockpot to cook stews and soups that require a long time to cook.
- Use flat-bottomed
cookware (or ideally with a slightly concave bottom that flattens out when
heated) that make complete contact with the burner surface when cooking on
electric burners, solid disk elements, and radiant elements under ceramic
glass.
- Cover
foods, especially liquids, before storing them in the refrigerator;
otherwise moisture that enters the refrigerator compartment causes the
refrigerator to work harder and use more energy.
- Turn
computers and computer monitors off at night and on weekends.
BUILDING ENVELOPE
- Caulk and
weatherstrip doors and windows that leak air.
- Look for
air leaks through openings where plumbing, electrical wiring, or cables go
through walls, floors, and ceilings. Check for drafts from
electrical outlets, around ceiling fixtures, and at openings to the
attic. Seal cracks and holes that you find.
- Seal air
leaks in your attic and walls.
- Insulate
your home properly. Adequate insulation will keep your home warmer
in the winter and cooler in the summer.
- If you're
replacing windows in your house, select windows that have low U-values and
that seal tightly. Compare U-values (U-factors) carefully, and
select high-performance units with low-E (low-emissivity) coatings and gas
filling. Also insist on windows with air tightness values of .05 or
lower.
- Don't let
cold air seep into your home through the attic access door. Check
the door to make sure it is well insulated and weatherstripped, otherwise
you'll be wasting fuel to heat that cool air.
- When
shopping for windows, use the energy performance labels developed by the
National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) -- many windows on the market
carry them -- as your guide to selecting energy-efficient units.
- When
shopping for windows, insist on windows that carry long warranties against
seal failures. When seals fail, moisture forms between the panes and
the windows need to be professionally repaired or replaced.
Moreover, there is the loss of low-conductivity gas if this window is gas
filled.
WATER HEATING AND WATER
CONSERVATION
- Repair
leaky faucets promptly.
- Install
low-flow shower heads.
- Insulate
your hot water piping and storage tank (especially if your tank is old and
has little built-in insulation). Savings up to 9 percent have been
reported by adding an insulated blanket over the tank, and three percent
of the energy used to heat water can be saved by insulating the first 25
feet of distribution pipe.
- If your
hot water heater is set at 140 degrees F, set it back to 120 degrees F--
unless you have an old dishwasher that does not have an internal heating
element that can raise the temperature to 140 degrees F (the temperature
needed for detergents to clean effectively).
- Install a
solar water heater (especially if you have an electric water heater and
pay high electricity prices).
- Install
low-flow aerators on kitchen and bathroom sink faucets to save water (and
the energy used to produce hot water). They will cut water usage by
as much as 280 gallons a month for a typical family of four.
- Fill a
basin when you wash the dishes by hand instead of letting the water
run. You could save up to 25 gallons of water each time you wash
dishes.
- Don't
leave the water running when brushing your teeth. You could save as
much as 9 gallons each time you brush.
- Fill the
basin when you shave instead of keeping the water running. You'll
use only one gallon of water instead of up to 15 gallons.
- Use cold
water rather than hot to operate your food disposer. This saves the
energy needed to heat the water, is recommended for the appliances, and
aids in getting rid of grease. Grease solidifies in cold water and
can be ground up and washed away.
- If you
need to rinse dishes before putting them in the dishwasher, use cold
water.
- Don't use
the "rinse hold" on your dishwasher for just a few soiled
dishes. It uses 3 to 7 gallons of hot water each time you use it.
- If you get
hot water from a tankless coil water heater, examine alternatives to save
energy in the summer. Currently your boiler must work constantly all
summer long to provide you with hot water. In cold climates,
installing an indirect water heater is generally the most cost-effective
option. This system draws heat from the boiler and stores hot water,
eliminating the need for your boiler to operate constantly.
SWIMMING POOLS, SPAS,
AND HOT TUBS
- If you
heat an outdoor swimming pool, consider lowering the thermostat on your
pool's heater. Every 1 degree F reduction can cut your energy usage
by 5 to 10 percent.
- If you
heat an outdoor swimming pool, try to keep the heat from escaping by using
a swimming pool cover when not in use. Almost all of a pool's heat
loss--about 95 percent--occurs at the surface through evaporation,
convection, conduction, and radiation to the sky. A pool cover
substantially reduces this loss of heat. A cover also helps keep the
pool clean and extends the life of the chemicals in your pool. And
with a transparent plastic cover, you may actually gain heat as the sun's
rays pass through the cover and heat the water.
- If you
have an outdoor swimming pool, consider reducing the amount of time you
run the circulation pump. In a Florida study, most people who
reduced pumping time to less than 3 hours per day were still happy with
the water's quality. On average, this saved up to 60 percent of the
electricity used for pumping.
- Swimming
pool owners can save energy by using smaller or higher efficiency
pumps. When a pump wears out or can't be repaired, install a high
efficiency unit that is not oversized for its needs. A Florida study
found that a 0.75 horsepower or smaller pump is generally sufficient for
residential pools. Smaller pumps, which cost less, can be used if
you decrease the pool circulation system's hydraulic resistance.
This can be done by one or more of the following: substituting a
large filter (rated at least 50 percent higher than the pool's design flow
rate), increasing the diameter or decreasing the length of the pipes, or
replacing abrupt 90-degree elbows with 45-degree elbows or flexible
pipe. These types of changes can slash up to 40 percent of the
pump's use of electricity.
- Spas and
hot tubs can consume a tremendous amount of energy. If you have one,
keep it covered with a tight-fitting insulated cover when not in
use. If installing a spa or hot tub, insulate it well around the
sides and bottom.
WOOD-BURNING
APPLIANCES
- When
burning wood in a fireplace or woodstove, select only good quality, dry
wood.
- Regularly
inspect your flue for creosote buildup when operating a fireplace or
woodstove and have a chimney sweep clean the chimney when needed.
You can perform routine maintenance between professional cleanings by
using a wire chimney brush made specifically for this purpose. Never
intentionally create a small chimney fire in order to burn off creosote;
this may crack the flue liner, making the hazard from a subsequent chimney
fire greater.
- If you are
buying a wood-burning appliance, make sure it is properly sized. An
oversized stove is a potential fire hazard because it is often operated in
an air-starved or extremely slow-fire condition, which leads to excessive
creosote buildup. Too much creosote buildup inside the chimney
increases the risk of chimney fires. Oversized stoves also burn fuel
inefficiently. Conversely, an undersized stove is usually over-fired.
Although an undersized stove usually burns wood efficiently and poses less
of a risk for chimney fires, over-firing can severely damage the stove.
- If you
have a simple open masonry fireplace that you use in the winter, consider
installing a glass screen, a convective grate, a combination convective
grate with glass screen, a radiant grate, or a fireplace insert.
Some of these devices will cut down on the loss of warm air through the
fireplace chimney. These accessories may improve heat recovery from
the fire.
HOME ENERGY AUDITS
- Have a
professional energy audit performed on your home to determine whether your
home wastes energy, and to pinpoint where energy is being lost.
Contact your local utility to see if they do audits, or ask them who
performs them in your area.
- Conduct a
simple do-it-yourself energy audit of your home or office to pinpoint
where energy is being lost.
- Have a
house doctor conduct a building pressurization test, commonly called a
blower-door test, to determine the air tightness of your house and to
pinpoint air leaks.
- Have a
house doctor conduct a thermographic inspection of your house or business
to identify areas of inadequate insulation or inefficient machinery.
MISCELLANEOUS
- Take
advantage of time-of-day or time-of-use rates if your utility offers these
by shifting usage of appliances to off-peak hours when rates are
lower. Though this doesn't save energy, it will lower your energy
bills. (Since it may allow your utility company to avoid calling its
older, back-up generator into service, which is typically less efficient,
the utility company may save energy.)
- Check with
your local utility company for literature on ways to conserve energy.
- Plant a
tree and take care of it. If every American family planted just one
tree, all of these trees would remove more than a billion pounds of
greenhouse gases from the atmosphere every year.